أظهر تسجيل مصور مقاتلين من المعارضة السورية المسلحة المنضوية في غرفة عملياتجيش الفتح، وهم يدمرون دبابات لقوات النظام السوري بريف إدلب، وذلك باستخدام أسلحة متطورة مضادة للدروع، ويظهر التسجيل أيضا فرار جنود النظام بعد إصابة دباباتهم.

وظهر المسلحون في التسجيل وهم يصوبون مدافعهم ويكبرون، ويتوسلون بحرقة أن تصيب مقذوفاتهم الدبابات، في حين بدت على بعد دبابات بين الأشجار وقد تطايرت أجزاؤها في الهواء بعد الإصابة.

وأظهر التسجيل -الذي بثه ناشطون على يوتيوب- هروب دبابة قبل أن تلاحقها المقذوفات وتفجرها.

ومن حين لآخر يتداول الناشطون مثل هذه التسجيلات المصورة التي تسجل لحظات مثل اللحظة التي ظهر فيها مسلحون وهم يحطمون تمثالا للرئيس الراحل حافظ الأسد وسط مدينة إدلب شمالي سوريا.

وقد بث ناشطون كذلك لحظة تحرير معتقلين من داخل فرع أمن الدولة بمدينة إدلب، بعد أن سيطرت عليها المعارضة المسلحة.

في العمق - اتجاهات التغيير في السعودية

الواقع العربي- "لواء الفاطميين" بسوريا.. اصطفاف بلون الدم

DNA 04/05/2015 سوريا..إنتصارات النظام والمعارضة

In their own words: Israeli troops break ranks on Gaza campaign

Israeli soldiers tell how from the outset of the Gaza campaign, commanding officers made it clear that the primary consideration was not the security of civilians but the protection of soldiers

Peter Beaumont
The Guardian

 Palestinian girls walk past rubble of a heavily damaged building in eastern Gaza City which was destroyed during the 50-day war between Israel and Hamas in the summer of 2014. Photograph: Thomas Coex/AFP/Getty Images

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• Breaking the Silence report (pdf)

The Breaking the Silence testimonies subdivide into eight separate themes.

Contents

1. Protection of civilians
2. Ethos
3. Rules of engagement
4. Incrimination
5. House destruction
6. Revenge
7. ‘Running like terrorists’
8. Judging the ‘achievement’

Satellite images reveal the scale of Syria's devastation

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The UN has released satellite images showing the scale of the destruction caused by four years of war in Syria.

Mass graves, deserted markets and whole neighbourhoods pounded to rubble: it is hard to illustrate the immense scale of the destruction Syria has suffered in four years of war. A new UN report seeks to tell the story in a new way, using images from the air.

The report uses aerial photos to highlight the destruction of schools and hospitals, indiscriminate barrel bomb attacks on civilian areas, and the scale of internally displaced and refugee populations. It also shows the extent of damage done by attacks on some of the Middle East's most valuable historical sites.

Deserted urban markets are now common in Syria

One before-and-after sequence in the report shows the Cardamomo market in Deir Ezzor. In 2010, the street market was full of stalls, a crowd of shoppers and cars. By mid-2013, the street was empty.

"Such deserted urban market areas are now common throughout many Syrian cities as normal civilian life has long since ceased to exist," said the report.

In another slide, two images of the same road junction near Jisr al-Shughur, Idlib, show that 74 new graves were dug in just three months in late 2011.

The UN images, which were provided by DigitalGlobe, have been used extensively to document attacks on civilians and on civilian infrastructure. One of the earliest images showed an oil pipeline on fire near Homs in February 2012. That was the start of a regime seige that soon deprived civilians in the city of essential goods and became a key event in the slide towards all-out civil war.

The UN Commission of Inquiry used satellite images to document mass graves linked to massacres of civilians in multiple towns of northern Syria. Experts matched videos of bombings and other posts from social media with evidence of damage visible in satellite images. In late November 2012 the images showed the bombing of a camp for internally displaced persons, waiting to cross the border into Turkey, was documented at Bab-al Hawa. Impact craters are clearly visible among the tents where civilians were sheltering.

By the summer of 2014 UNOSAT documented more than 30,000 destroyed or damaged buildings.

As Islamic State (IS, also known as ISIS) took over much of northern Syria last year, the UN began documenting damage to cultural sites. Syria hosts some of the most important historical sites in the Levant, from unique Assyrian architecture to centuries-old churches and important Islamic shrines. IS has destroyed a number of mausoleums dedicated to Muslim holy men, because it considers them un-Islamic.

Pictures from February 2013 (above) and October of the same year (below) show damage to the Uwais al-Qarani and Ammar Bin Yasser shrines in Raqqa [DigitalGlobe]

The UN study found that 290 cultural heritage locations had been damaged over the last three years. Of these 24 were destroyed entirely and 104 severely damaged. Aleppo was heavily impacted.

In the city of Ar Raqqa, the Shrine to Uwais Al-Qarani and Ammar Bin Yasser contain the remains of two martyrs from the battle of Siffin (657 AD). Unfortunately, these shrines, including the mosque housing each tomb and the minaret, were found to be severely damaged from explosives, most likely detonated on-site.

Over 220,000 Syrians have been reported killed and over one million wounded since fighting broke out following a largely peaceful uprising in 2011. Over 3.9 million Syrians have fled the country, while as many as 6.5 million are displaced inside Syria.

"By using such technologies, UNOSAT is able to generate timely and objective information, often over areas where no other impartial information sources exist," says the report. "The use of satellite imagery technology has now become the norm in humanitarian assistance provided by the United Nations, allowing for a more coordinated response and better targeted and timely assistance."

 

A satellite image shows Syrians stranded on the Turkish border after fleeing the Kurdish town of Kobane in October 2014 [DigitalGlobe]

- See more at: http://www.alaraby.co.uk/english/news/2015/5/4/satellite-images-reveal-the-scale-of-syrias-devastation#sthash.mv85gqdB.dpuf

Sectarianism, the most lethal of weapons

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By: Lamis Andoni

Comment: Sectarianism has been used by Arab elites to mobilise hundreds of thousands of people to kill. It is time to stop this collusion, says Lamis Andoni.

The Islamic State group's murder of Ethiopian hostages, killed because they were Christian, confirms once again that the killing fields in our region make any person, and not just every Arab or even Westerner, and any worker who crosses seas and borders in search for a livelihood, is a potential victim of the creed of hatred.

It is as if we have all become legitimate targets for sectarian grudges. Death could come at the hands of people we thought we knew, whenever a sectarian war should erupt in any part of the Arab world.

We have all become instruments or moving targets for the conflicts among politicians and governments over power and influence.

The suspicious ease by which arms have proliferated has made this possible; every war has profiteers and merchants trading in death.

However, there is a moment at which a person with no history or priors becomes a savage killer, when he finds in religion and sect justification for murder.

Indeed, it is people, not weapons, no matter what kind they are, that kill. What we see today is that sectarian mobilisation and incitement are the most lethal weapon of all, because they can convince hundreds if not thousands to bear arms, turning them into instruments of death and terror.

Principles have become jumbled, and the notion of just war has nearly disappeared. If we have learned nothing from the Lebanese civil war and the horrors of sectarian killing, and how young people in their prime became lethal weapons against neighbours and friends, then anyone outside one's sect and its allies could become a legitimate target.

What we see today is that sectarian mobilisation and incitement are the most lethal weapon of all.

We speak about the IS and its crimes, yet we ignore that the majority of parties, that only appear more civilised, use the same sectarian excuses.

I repeat here, what I wrote before, that intellectuals and elites, and not just political leaders and those who claim to be religious leaders, are also responsible for spreading sectarian intolerance.

The elites, albeit not all, are deeply complicit in this, because of their lack of awareness, or more likely, because they stand to gain personally.

Still, it is shocking how the majority allows itself to be easily influenced by the sectarian debate.

In my long years as a reporter, I often found myself astonished by the extent of sectarian expressions in conversations with friends and colleagues I had known for a long time, and whose religious affiliation had in the most cases been unknown to me.

Sectarian interpretations, at the time, replaced professional discussions. I started hearing from Iraqi colleagues about 'esotericism' among Shias, as the criterion by which they analysed political events in Mesopotamia.

Some, meanwhile, would say bombing Fallujah was legitimate, because it was the best way to deal with the nature of people there. I did not understand that this was a reference to the Sunni affiliation of Fallujah's residents.

I have always recalled events from Lebanon, and remembered those who were machine gunned at checkpoints manned by the Lebanese militias in the civil war.

I remember the first time I entered a Phalangist region on the outskirts of Beirut after the civil war. I found myself at a local radio station that broadcasted the Phalanges' statements against the Palestinians; Christian Maronite factions believed that since most Palestinians were Muslims, their presence in Lebanon threatened the existence and influence of Christians in Lebanon.

In both the Lebanese and Iraqi cases, foreign powers played a key role in reviving sectarian and ethnic strife. In Lebanon, French colonialism created a Maronite political base for its influence and devised a constitution that divided power among religious communities. In Iraq, the US justified its war by invoking the historical oppression of Shia in the country.

We are living the consequences of those interventions, as well as the policies of the regimes and religious establishments that generate backwardness and hatred.

Some are even justifying the murder of the Ethiopian or keeping silent about it, forgetting their humanity, and forgetting that each one of us will become a potential killer or victim, if the silence and collusion with any power that inflames the sectarian fire continues.

This is an edited translation of the original Arabic.

ايران وجماعاتها - الرسام فهد البحادي

حديث الثورة- دلالات التطورات المتلاحقة على الساحة اليمنية

ما وراء الخبر - حزب الله ومعركة القلمون المرتقبة

الواقع العربي - واقع الصحافة وحرية الإعلام بالمنطقة

المتحدث باسم قوات التحالف يتحدث للجزيرة

Yemen: Saudi-Led Airstrikes Used Cluster Munitions

US-Supplied Weapon Banned by 2008 Treaty

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(Beirut) – Credible evidence indicates that the Saudi-led coalition used banned cluster munitions supplied by the United States in airstrikes against Houthi forces in Yemen, Human Rights Watch said today. Cluster munitions pose long-term dangers to civilians and are prohibited by a 2008 treaty adopted by 116 countries, though not Saudi Arabia, Yemen, or the United States.

Photographs, video, and other evidence have emerged since mid-April 2015 indicating that cluster munitions have been used during recent weeks in coalition airstrikes in Yemen’s northern Saada governorate, the traditional Houthi stronghold bordering Saudi Arabia. Human Rights Watch has established through analysis of satellite imagery that the weapons appeared to land on a cultivated plateau, within 600 meters of several dozen buildings in four to six village clusters.

“Saudi-led cluster munition airstrikes have been hitting areas near villages, putting local people in danger,” said Steve Goose, arms director at Human Rights Watch. “These weapons should never be used under any circumstances. Saudi Arabia and other coalition members – and the supplier, the US – are flouting the global standard that rejects cluster munitions because of their long-term threat to civilians.”

Cluster munitions contain dozens or hundreds of submunitions. The submunitions are designed to explode after spreading out over a wide area, often the size of a football field, putting anyone in the area at the time of the attack at risk of death or injury. In addition, many submunitions often do not explode, becoming de facto landmines.

A video with no audio uploaded to YouTube on April 17 by the pro-Houthi September 21 YouTube channel shows numerous objects with parachutes slowly descending from the sky. The video zooms out to show a mid-air detonation and several black smoke clouds from other detonations. Human Rights Watch established the location, using satellite imagery analysis, as al-Shaaf in Saqeen, in the western part of Saada governorate.
An activist based in the Yemeni capital, Sanaa, provided Human Rights Watch with photographs he received from a resident of Saada governorate, who said he took them on April 17 at the site of an airstrike in the al-Amar area of al-Safraa, 30 kilometers south of the city of Saada. From the photographs, Human Rights Watch identified the remnants of two CBU-105 Sensor Fuzed Weapons manufactured by the Textron Systems Corporation and supplied to Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates by the US in recent years. One photograph shows an empty BLU-108 delivery canister, while the other shows a BLU-108 canister with four submunitions still attached to it. The location of the remnants in the photographs is 36 kilometers from where the video was filmed, indicating the possibility of multiple attacks.

Two local residents of al-Safraa told Human Rights Watch that about 5,000 people normally live in the village. They said they witnessed airstrikes in the area on April 27 in which bombs were delivered by parachute. Human Rights Watch was unable to determine whether they saw another attack using CBU-105 Sensor Fuzed Weapons or one using other types of bombs.

Human Rights Watch has not been able to obtain information on possible casualties from the attacks.

Since March 26, a Saudi-led coalition including Bahrain, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait, Morocco, Qatar, Sudan, and the UAE has conducted numerous airstrikes throughout Yemen against Houthi forces, also known as Ansar Allah, who effectively ousted the government of President Abdu Rabu Mansour Hadi in January. None of these countries have signed the 2008 Convention on Cluster Munitions.

Soon after the airstrikes began, Saudi Arabia denied using cluster munitions in Yemen. At a news conference in Riyadh on March 29, Brig. Gen. al-Assiri told the media, “We are not using cluster bombs at all.”

According to a data sheet issued by the Textron Systems Corporation, the CBU-105 disperses 10 BLU-108 canisters that each subsequently release four submunitions that sense, classify, and engage a target such as an armored vehicle, and are equipped with self-destruct and self-deactivation features. The submunitions of the Sensor Fuzed Weapon explode above the ground and project an explosively formed jet of metal and fragmentation downward.

While the CBU-105 is banned under the Convention on Cluster Munitions, its use is permitted under existing US policy and its export is permitted under existing US export restrictions on cluster munitions.

In August 2013, the US Department of Defense concluded a contract for the manufacture of 1,300 CBU-105 Sensor Fuzed Weapons for Saudi Arabia by Textron. The contract stipulated that delivery of the weapons should be completed by December 2015. Human Rights Watch does not know when deliveries began, or if they have finished.

Additionally, the UAE received an unknown number of CBU-105 from Textron Defense Systems in June 2010, fulfilling a contract announced in November 2007.

US policy on cluster munitions is detailed in a June 2008 memorandum issued by then-Secretary of Defense Robert Gates. Under the Gates policy, the US can only use or export cluster munitions that “after arming do not result in more than 1 percent unexploded ordnance across the range of intended operational environments,” and the receiving country must agree that cluster munitions “will only be used against clearly defined military targets and will not be used where civilians are known to be present or in areas normally inhabited by civilians.”

This policy is most recently codified in section 7054(b) of the Consolidated and Continuing Appropriations Act (HR 83) of 2015. According to guidance issued by the US Defense Security Cooperation Agency in May 2011, “the only cluster munition with a compliant submunition [compliant with the reliability standard established by the Gates policy] is the CBU-97B/CBU-105 Sensor Fuzed Weapon.”

In March 2015, Human Rights Watch called on all parties to the conflict not to use cluster munitions in the Yemen fighting. Credible evidence showed that Saudi Arabia had dropped cluster bombs in Saada governorate in November 2009 during Yemeni government fighting against the Houthis. Cluster munition remnants from the 2009 airstrikes, including unexploded US-made BLU-97 and BLU-61 submunitions, were reported by a number of sources.

In addition to the recent transfer of CBU-105, the US provided Saudi Arabia with significant exports of cluster bombs between 1970 and 1999. Saudi Arabia possesses attack aircraft of US and Western/NATO origin capable of dropping US-made cluster bombs. Yemen, Saudi Arabia, and other countries involved in the conflict in Yemen should ratify the Convention on Cluster Munitions.

Human Rights Watch chairs the Cluster Munition Coalition US, which in a March 30 letter to President Barack Obama said that the administration should review the Gates policy, including the exception allowing for cluster munitions resulting in less than 1 percent unexploded ordnance rate.

“The Gates policy is providing the US a handy loophole to send cluster munitions to countries like Saudi Arabia, which shouldn’t be using them at all,” Goose said.

موجز الأخبار - الواحدة ظهرا3/05/2015

Arab ground troops deployed in south Yemen's Aden province

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Local sources claim that some 30 soldiers belonging to the Saudi-led Arab coalition reached the coast of Al-Buraiqeh and proceeded to support the attack on Aden airport [file photo]

An Arab military force on Sunday joined militants loyal to Yemeni President Abd Rabbuh Mansour Hadi fighting against Shia Houthi militants around the airport of Yemen's southern Aden city, local sources have said.

The Arab ground troops arrived earlier Sunday in Aden and joined the clashes around Aden International Airport on Sunday, pro-Hadi militant sources told Anadolu Agency, without providing information on the troop's mode of transportation.

The sources added that the Arab force joined pro-Hadi militants, who've been besieging the airport for days.

"We have been unable to completely take control of the airport, because Houthi militants are barricaded in vital spots," one source said.

Saudi-owned Al Arabiya news channel, for its part, quoted Riyadh-led coalition spokesman Ahmed al-Asiri as denying the deployment of any coalition ground troops in Yemen.

Earlier in the day, local sources told Anadolu Agency that some 30 soldiers belonging to the Saudi-led Arab coalition reached the coast of Al-Buraiqeh district in the southern province in Aden on Saturday.

This is the first deployment of Arab ground troops in Yemen since Saudi Arabia and several Arab allies launched a military campaign against positions of the Shiite Houthi group across the country in late March.

Riyadh says the anti-Houthi campaign is in response to appeals by Hadi – currently in Riyadh – for help against the Shia militia.

The Houthis, for their part, denounce the ongoing offensive as unwarranted "Saudi-American aggression" on Yemen.

صور: تدخل بري "محدود" لقوات التحالف في اليمن

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صور للقوة العربية التي وصلت إلى عدن اليوم الأحد - تصوير: عدن الغد

عرب ٤٨ ووكالات

تحرير: عرب 48

قال مسؤول يمني إن عددا محدودا من جنود التحالف الذي تقوده السعودية انتشر اليوم الأحد على الأرض في مدينة عدن في جنوب اليمن لدعم القوات التي تقاتل الحوثيين.
وأوضح المسؤول  لوكالة فرانس برس طالبا عدم الكشف عن اسمه أنه 'دخلت قوة محدودة من التحالف إلى عدن وهناك قوة أخرى قادمة' وذلك بعدما كان التحالف يكتفي حتى الآن بشن غارات جوية ضد مواقع الحوثيين وحلفائهم في اليمن.
وقالت مصادر إعلامية إن القوات مشكلة من جنود مصريين وسعوديين.
قوة متخصصة في عمليات التعامل مع القناصة
وقال مصدر في 'المقاومة الجنوبية' لموقع 'عدن الغد' إن القوة العسكرية العربية التي وصلت إلى عدن هي قوة متخصصة في عمليات التعامل مع القناصة .وأوضح أن القوة تضم جنود مدربين في عمليات القنص مضيفا أنهم تم تدفع بقوة منهم إلى جبهة المطار حيث تمكنوا من التعامل مع عدد من القناصين الموالين للقوات الموالية للحوثيين وصالح .
وقال المصدر إن هذه القوة ستتمكن من حسم المعركة في مواجهة عشرات القناصة من قوات صالح والحوثيين الذين لا يزالون يتوزعون بعدد من مناطق مطار عدن .
بدوره قال مسؤول في 'اللجان الشعبية'، القوات شبه العسكرية الموالية للرئيس المعترف به دوليا، لفرانس برس إنه 'دخلت قوة محدودة لمشاركتنا في دحر الحوثيين وقوات علي عبدالله صالح' الرئيس اليمني السابق.
وقال سكان محليون في محافظة عدن جنوبي اليمن، لوكالة 'الأناضول'، إن 'حوالي 30 جنديا من قوات التحالف العربي تم إنزالها بحريا، مساء أمس السبت في المحافظة، في أول وصول لقوة عربية إلى اليمن'.
وقال موقع صحيفة 'العربي الجديد' إن 'هذه القوات تشارك في معركة مطار عدن'. 
وأوضح السكان أن الجنود نزلوا على ساحل منطقة الخيسة التابعة لمديرية البريقة بالمحافظة عبر قوارب مطاطية، ثم اتجهوا إلى مركز المدينة، دون مزيد من التفاصيل.
وسيطر الحوثيون على العاصمة صنعاء، في أيلول/سبتمبر الماضي، واجتاحوا الجنوب مما أثار مخاوف السعودية وحلفائها من توسع النفوذ الإيراني في المنطقة. ودعمت الضربات الجوية من التحالف بقيادة السعودية، على مدى الشهر المنصرم، المقاتلين المحليين الذي يحاربون الحوثيين في عدن وفي أنحاء البلاد.
وانهارت المحادثات بين الحوثيين والرئيس عبد ربه منصور هادي، الذي غادر البلاد في أوائل نيسان/ابريل الماضي. وتسود الفوضى منذ ذلك الحين مع تقدم الحوثيين في الجنوب.
وقالت مصادر في المنطقة لوكالة رويترز إن السعودية دربت رجال قبائل مسلحين يمنيين للقتال ضد الحوثيين في علامة على مشاركتها المتزايدة في الحرب البرية بعد شهر من العمليات الجوية. وقال مصدر يمني مسؤول نهاية الشهر الماضي إنه تم نشر 300 مقاتل قبلي تلقوا تدريبا عبر حدود اليمن مع السعودية وعادوا هذا الأسبوع إلى وطنهم في منطقة صرواح بوسط محافظة مأرب وحققوا مكاسب ضد الحوثيين.
وقال مصدر عسكري مطلع على الأمر ومقره الدوحة، إنه 'لا يمكن كسب حرب ضد الحوثيين من الجو. نحتاج إلى إرسال قوات برية، لكن الآن يوجد برنامج لتدريب مقاتلين قبليين على الحدود.'
ورغم أسابيع من القصف، تمكن الحوثيون من الاحتفاظ بموقعهم القوي في جبهات القتال في أنحاء اليمن، التي لم تتغير كثيرا كما لم يحدث تقدم واضح لإجراء محادثات سلام.

#تدخل بري# اليمن# السعودية# التحالف

Current Al-Jazeera (Arabic) Online Poll

Do you support the expansion of Arab ground forces participating in the battles in Yemen?

So far, 82% have voted yes.

THE WORLD EVOLVES AND THE ARABS DEVOLVE: 12 ترليون دولار فاتورة الحروب العربية

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قدرت دراسة صدرت أخيراً عن معهد الدراسات الأمنية الأوروبية، كلفة الحروب والنزاعات في المنطقة العربية خلال العقود الأخيرة بنحو 12 ترليون دولار. وهذه الخسائر حسب المعهد، تعني الكفة المالية الفعلية للحروب زائداً الفرص الاقتصادية التي أضاعها العرب بسبب المخاطر الاستثمارية. وهذه الكلف لا تأخذ في الحسبان الخسائر البشرية والثقافية والإنسانية. وأشارت الدراسة إلى أن متوسط دخل الفرد العربي رغم الموارد الطبيعية وثروات الطاقة الهائلة التي يملكها يعد الأقل في العالم، مقارنة بدخول المواطنين في باقي أنحاء المعمورة. حيث تقدر دخل الفرد العربي في المتوسط بنحو 7981 دولار في السنة، مقارنة بمتوسط الدخل العالمي المقدر بحوالى 11975 ألف دولار. وفيما تنصهر الأمم وتذيب خلافاتها العرقية والمذهبية لتكوين دولة مركزية قوية، يلاحظ أن العالم العربي يغرق في محيط من دماء الاقتتال الطائفي والقبلي، لتكون النتيجة الدمار الشامل للعمار والأجيال ويعود الإنسان العربي عقوداً إلى الوراء. وعادة ما تقود هذه الحروب إلى زيادة مخاطر التأمين ورفع كلفة المشاريع وإحجام رأس المال العالمي عن الاستثمار في المنطقة. وهو ما يحدث حالياً في العديد من الدول العربية التي تواصل فقد نصيبها من تدفقات الاستثمارات العالمية. فالعراق أصبح فضاء مفتوحاً للإرهاب والقتل والسلب والنهب، كما انتشرت الأمية وتدمرت المدن والبنى التحتية، وفي سورية اختفت الحياة في مدن كاملة، أصبح ينعق فيها البوم، فيما لا يزال حاكمها بشار الأسد يفتخر بأنه يحقق انتصارات. وفي اليمن تواصل "مليشيات الحوثي" زرع الرعب والدمار في صنعاء وعدن. والحال لا يختلف في ليبيا التي بات كل ما فيها نهباً لمناهضي الثورة. وحسب الدراسة فإن أولى ضحايا هذه الحروب بعد سقوط القتلى وأنات الجرحى، كانت مشاريع التنمية الاقتصادية وبناء الإنسان. فالاضطراب الأمني الذي تعرضت لها المنطقة العربية خلال الأعوام الأخيرة، غير بسرعة مسار الأولويات في سياسات الدول العربية، حتى في دول مجلس التعاون التي تنعم بالاستقرار النسبي. فالأولويات تحولت من التنمية والتطور الاقتصادي إلى القضايا الأمنية والدفاعية. وشهدت المنطقة ارتفاعاً ملحوظاً في الإنفاق على التسلح والمهام الأمنية. وأصبحت فاتورة الدفاع والأمن في العالم العربي باتت تقارب ترليون دولار. ولاحظت الدراسة، أن دول مجلس التعاون الخليجي منذ انقلاب "مليشيا الحوثي" التي تدعمها إيران على الشرعية في اليمن، تجد صعوبات مالية في تمويل مشاريع تنويع الاقتصاد والإصلاح المالي. وقد كانت هذه الدول تركز على عمليات هيكلية واسعة لتنويع الاقتصاد ومصادر الدخل وبناء صناعات ناجحة بديلاً عن النفط. وتشير الدراسة إلى أن الاقتصاد السوري تدهور إلى أدنى مستوى له قبل بسبب الحرب الدائرة رحاها هناك حتى الآن.  وتقول الدراسة أنه في أفضل السيناريوهات المتفائلة، فإن إجمالي الناتج المحلي السوري يحتاج إلى 30 عاماً من النمو المتواصل وبنسبة تبلغ 5.0% حتى يتمكن من العودة إلى معدلات الدخل العام التي كان عليها في عام 2010. كما قالت إن ليبيا ربما تكون تأخرت اقتصادياً عشر سنوات. 

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